If you do a ezpublish-community install and then you run ezpublish-kernel you'll probably go to your vendor/ezsystems/ezpublish-kernel folder and do what install doc says

Enter directory cd ezpublish-kernel
Get Composer using curl curl -s http://getcomposer.org/installer | php
Install dev dependencies: php composer.phar install --prefer-dist --dev
Copy config.php-DEVELOPMENT cp config.php-DEVELOPMENT config.php
Execute phpunit -vc phpunit*.xml with one of:

But actually in these case i'm getting an error

PHP Fatal error:  Class 'Matthias\SymfonyDependencyInjectionTest\PhpUnit\AbstractCompilerPassTestCase' not found in /home/carlos/ezpublish-community/vendor/ezsystems/ezpublish-kernel/eZ/Publish/Core/Base/Tests/Container/Compiler/FieldTypeCollectionPassTest.php on line 18

I think this is caused but what bootstrap.php does in
https://github.com/ezsystems/ezpublish-kernel/blob/master/bootstrap.php#L28

As it finds /home/carlos/ezpublish-community/vendor/ezsystems/ezpublish, rootDir is set to /home/carlos/ezpublish-community an loads ezpublish-community/vendor/autoload.php is required but in ezpublish-community/vendor/composer/autoload_namespaces.php there is no reference to the failing package.

I suggest not to look for ezpublish-community vendor when running ezpublish-kernel tests